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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-5175
The enclosing of spaces of nature in urban contexts is today again a common practice in Paris. Whereas modern planning produced open green spaces, multiple changes in the late 20th century resulted in the revival of the urban park, which refers again to the traditional element of structural enclosing. After defining the enclosing of spaces of nature in Paris as a research object and situating the genre of atlas in research practice, this article elaborates upon the atlas as an epistemic genre and a visual form of knowledge production. Urban landscape projects realized in previous decades are presented while critically discussing the applicability of the atlas to urban and landscape design research.
The thesis aims to understand how the element of enclosure intervenes in contemporary urban landscape designs in different European metropolises. The article first questions the place of this element in the design of gardens, urban parks, and green spaces from a broader perspective. Then it is question of iden-tifying the changes that impacted the landscape architecture field in Paris in the 1970s, in order to study the context of the renewal of the urban park, in which the return of the element of enclosure is discerned.
This thesis addresses the issue of urban parks and public gardens as a commons in order to understand the contribution of their fences to public space.Urban parks are part of the public space. But what is public space today? There are two dimensions that form it: spatiality/physics and society/politics. Public space is also a commons - a commons in both senses of the Common Good and the Commons. The concept of landscape is omnipresent. These recurrent polysemies of key notions will be discussed in the dissertation, on the one hand by drawing on theoretical research and on the other hand by making sensitive analyses, in urban parks in Paris, witnessing different times and issues. Links and barriers between these and their surroundings are studied.
